@article {41, title = {Decoding tumour phenotype by noninvasive imaging using a quantitative radiomics approach.}, journal = {Nat Commun}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Jun 03}, pages = {4006}, abstract = {

Human cancers exhibit strong phenotypic differences that can be visualized noninvasively by medical imaging. Radiomics refers to the comprehensive quantification of tumour phenotypes by applying a large number of quantitative image features. Here we present a radiomic analysis of 440 features quantifying tumour image intensity, shape and texture, which are extracted from computed tomography data of 1,019 patients with lung or head-and-neck cancer. We find that a large number of radiomic features have prognostic power in independent data sets of lung and head-and-neck cancer patients, many of which were not identified as significant before. Radiogenomics analysis reveals that a prognostic radiomic signature, capturing intratumour heterogeneity, is associated with underlying gene-expression patterns. These data suggest that radiomics identifies a general prognostic phenotype existing in both lung and head-and-neck cancer. This may have a clinical impact as imaging is routinely used in clinical practice, providing an unprecedented opportunity to improve decision-support in cancer treatment at low cost.

}, keywords = {Adenocarcinoma, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Female, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Multimodal Imaging, Phenotype, Positron-Emission Tomography, Prognosis, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tumor Burden}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/ncomms5006}, author = {Aerts, Hugo J W L and Velazquez, Emmanuel Rios and Leijenaar, Ralph T H and Parmar, Chintan and Grossmann, Patrick and Carvalho, Sara and Bussink, Johan and Monshouwer, Ren{\'e} and Haibe-Kains, Benjamin and Rietveld, Derek and Hoebers, Frank and Rietbergen, Michelle M and Leemans, C Ren{\'e} and Dekker, Andre and Quackenbush, John and Gillies, Robert J and Lambin, Philippe} } @article {46, title = {Externally validated HPV-based prognostic nomogram for oropharyngeal carcinoma patients yields more accurate predictions than TNM staging.}, journal = {Radiother Oncol}, volume = {113}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Dec}, pages = {324-30}, abstract = {

PURPOSE: Due to the established role of the human papillomavirus (HPV), the optimal treatment for oropharyngeal carcinoma is currently under debate. We evaluated the most important determinants of treatment outcome to develop a multifactorial predictive model that could provide individualized predictions of treatment outcome in oropharyngeal carcinoma patients.

METHODS: We analyzed the association between clinico-pathological factors and overall and progression-free survival in 168 OPSCC patients treated with curative radiotherapy or concurrent chemo-radiation. A multivariate model was validated in an external dataset of 189 patients and compared to the TNM staging system. This nomogram will be made publicly available at www.predictcancer.org.

RESULTS: Predictors of unfavorable outcomes were negative HPV-status, moderate to severe comorbidity, T3-T4 classification, N2b-N3 stage, male gender, lower hemoglobin levels and smoking history of more than 30 pack years. Prediction of overall survival using the multi-parameter model yielded a C-index of 0.82 (95\% CI, 0.76-0.88). Validation in an independent dataset yielded a C-index of 0.73 (95\% CI, 0.66-0.79. For progression-free survival, the model{\textquoteright}s C-index was 0.80 (95\% CI, 0.76-0.88), with a validation C-index of 0.67, (95\% CI, 0.59-0.74). Stratification of model estimated probabilities showed statistically different prognosis groups in both datasets (p<0.001).

CONCLUSION: This nomogram was superior to TNM classification or HPV status alone in an independent validation dataset for prediction of overall and progression-free survival in OPSCC patients, assigning patients to distinct prognosis groups. These individualized predictions could be used to stratify patients for treatment de-escalation trials.

}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Chemoradiotherapy, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Nomograms, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms, Papillomaviridae, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Reproducibility of Results, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Factors, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, Treatment Outcome}, issn = {1879-0887}, doi = {10.1016/j.radonc.2014.09.005}, author = {Rios Velazquez, Emmanuel and Hoebers, Frank and Aerts, Hugo J W L and Rietbergen, Michelle M and Brakenhoff, Ruud H and Leemans, Ren{\'e} C and Speel, Ernst-Jan and Straetmans, Jos and Kremer, Bernd and Lambin, Philippe} } Error | CancerData.org

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